Sciatica and nerve compression syndromes occur when spinal nerves are compressed, most commonly due to herniated discs or spinal stenosis. This causes pain, numbness, and tingling along the nerve pathway, typically affecting the legs or arms. Early diagnosis through MRI and nerve conduction tests helps guide treatment, which includes posture correction, physiotherapy, and lifestyle adjustments. Prompt care can prevent permanent nerve damage and improve mobility, reducing pain and restoring daily function.